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Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga
Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga ((ヒンディー語:महाकालेश्वर ज्योतिर्लिंग)) is one of the most famous Hindu temples dedicated to Lord Shiva and is one of the twelve Jyotirlingams, which are supposed to be the most sacred abodes of Lord Shiva. It is located in the ancient city of Ujjain in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. The temple is situated on the side of the ''Rudra Sagar'' lake. The presiding deity, Lord Shiva in the lingam form is believed to be ''Swayambhu'', deriving currents of power (Shakti) from within itself as against the other images and lingams that are ritually established and invested with mantra-shakti.
==Jyotirlinga==
As per Shiva Purana, once Lord Brahma (the Hindu God of creation) and Lord Vishnu (the Hindu God of sustenance) had an argument in terms of supremacy of creation.〔R. 2003, pp. 92-95〕 To test them, Shiva pierced the three worlds as a huge endless pillar of light, the ''jyotirlinga''. Lord Vishnu and Lord Brahma split their ways to downwards and upwards respectively to find the end of the light in either directions. Brahma lied that he found out the end, while Vishnu conceded his defeat. Shiva appeared as a second pillar of light and cursed Brahma that he would have no place in ceremonies while Vishnu would be worshipped till the end of eternity. The ''jyotirlinga'' is the supreme partless reality, out of which Shiva partly appears. The ''jyothirlinga'' shrines, thus are places where Shiva appeared as a fiery column of light.〔Eck 1999, p. 107〕〔See: Gwynne 2008, Section on Char Dham〕 There are 64 forms of Shiva, not to be confused with Jyotirlingas. Each of the twelve ''jyothirlinga'' sites take the name of the presiding deity - each considered different manifestation of Shiva.〔Lochtefeld 2002, pp. 324-325〕 At all these sites, the primary image is ''lingam'' representing the beginningless and endless ''Stambha'' pillar, symbolizing the infinite nature of Shiva.〔〔Harding 1998, pp. 158-158〕〔Vivekananda Vol. 4〕 The twelve ''jyothirlinga'' are Somnath in Gujarat, Mallikarjuna at Srisailam in Andhra Pradesh, Mahakaleswar at Ujjain in Madhya Pradesh, Omkareshwar in Madhya Pradesh, Kedarnath in Himalayas, Bhimashankar in Maharashtra, Viswanath at Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh, Triambakeshwar in Maharashtra, Vaidyanath at Deogarh in Jharkhand or at Baijnath in Himachal Pradesh, Nageswar at Dwarka in Gujarat, Rameshwar at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu and Grishneshwar at Aurangabad in Maharashtra.〔〔Chaturvedi 2006, pp. 58-72〕
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